Georgia Institute of Technology College of Sciences

We will define transverse surgery, and study its effects on open books, the Heegaard Floer contact invariant, and tightness. We show that surgery on the connected binding of a genus g open book that supports a tight contact structure preserves tightness if the surgery coefficient is greater than 2g-1. We also give criteria for when positive contact surgery on Legendrian knots will result in an overtwisted manifold.

A well known result of Giroux tells us that isotopy classes ofcontact structures on a closed three manifold are in one to onecorrespondence with stabilization classes of open book decompositions ofthe manifold. We will introduce a characterization of tightness of acontact structure in terms of corresponding open book decompositions, andshow how this can be used to resolve the question of whether tightness ispreserved under Legendrian surgery.

In joint work with Joan Birman and Bill Menasco, we describe a new finite set of geodesics connecting two given vertices of the curve complex. As an application, we give an effective algorithm for distance in the curve complex.

A monoidal subset of a group is any set which is closed under the product (and contains the identity). The standard example is Dehn^+, the set of maps whcih can be written as a product of right-handed Dehn twists. Using open book decompositions, many properties of contact 3-manifolds are encoded as monoidal subsets of the mapping class group. By a related construction, contact topology also produces a several monoidal subsets of the braid group. These generalize the notion of positive braids and Rudolphs ideas of quasipositive and strongly quasipositive. We'll discuss the construction of these monoids and some of the many open questions.