Georgia Institute of Technology College of Sciences

Following the approach of Nabutovsky and Rotman for the curve-shortening flow on geodesic nets, we'll show that the shortest closed geodesic on a 2-sphere with non-negative curvature has length bounded above by three times the diameter. On the pinched curvature setting, we prove a bound on the first eigenvalue of the Laplacian and use it to prove a new isoperimetric inequality for pinched 2-spheres sufficiently close to being round. This allows us to improve our bound on the length of the shortest closed geodesic in the pinched curvature setting.

We will explain some basic ways in which a sequence of groups/spaces can be said to be stable and give some natural examples of stability.  

Bluejeans link: https://bluejeans.com/872588027

The Teichmüller space is the space of hyperbolic structures on surfaces, and there are different flavors depending on the class of surfaces. In this talk we consider the enhanced Teichmüller space which includes additional data at boundary components. The enhanced version can be parametrized by shear coordinates, and in these coordinates, the Weil-Peterson Poisson structure has a simple form.

This pre-talk will be an introduction to infinite-type surfaces and big mapping class groups. I will have a prepared talk, but it will be extremely informal, and I am more than happy to take scenic diversions if the audience so desires!

In the world of finite-type surfaces, one of the key tools to studying the mapping class group is to study its action on the curve graph. The curve graph is a combinatorial object intrinsic to the surface, and its appeal lies in the fact that it is infinite-diameter and $\delta$-hyperbolic. For infinite-type surfaces, the curve graph disappointingly has diameter 2. However, all hope is not lost!

Surfaces of infinite type, such as the plane minus a Cantor set, occur naturally in dynamics. However, their mapping class groups are much less studied and understood compared to the mapping class groups of surfaces of finite type. Many fundamental questions remain open. We will discuss the mapping class group G of the plane minus a Cantor set, and show that any nontrivial G-action on the circle is semi-conjugate to its action on the so-called simple circle.

Fibered knots in a three-manifold Y can be thought of as the binding of an open book decomposition for Y. A basic question to ask is how properties of the open book decomposition relate to properties of the corresponding knot.

All 3-manifolds bound 4-manifolds, and many construction of 3-manifolds automatically come with a 4-manifold bounding it. Often times these 4-manifolds have definite intersection form. Using Heegaard Floer correction terms and an analysis of short characteristic covectors in bimodular lattices, we give an obstruction for a 3-manifold to bound a definite 4-manifold, and produce some concrete examples. This is joint work with Kyle Larson.

The writhe of a braid (=#pos crossing - #neg crossings) and the fractional Dehn twist coefficient of a braid (a rational number that measures "how much the braid twists") are the two most prominent examples of what is known as a quasimorphism (a map that fails to be a group homomorphism by at most a bounded amount) from Artin's braid group on n-strands to the reals.

In 2010, Bestvina-Bromberg-Fujiwara proved that the mapping class group of a finite type surface has finite asymptotic dimension. In contrast, we will show the mapping class group of an infinite-type surface has infinite asymptotic dimension if it contains an essential shift. This work is joint with Curtis Grant and Kasra Rafi.