Georgia Institute of Technology College of Sciences

Mathematical modeling, analysis and numerical simulation, combined with imagingand experimental validation, provide a powerful tool for studying various aspects ofcardiovascular treatment and diagnosis. At the same time, problems motivated bycardiovascular applications give rise to mathematical problems whose studyrequires the development of sophisticated mathematical techniques. This talk willaddress two examples where such a synergy led to novel mathematical results anddirections. The first example concerns a mathematical study of the benchmarkproblem of fluid‐structure interaction (FSI) in blood flow. The resulting problem is anonlinear moving‐boundary problem coupling the flow of a viscous, incompressiblefluid with the motion of a linearly viscoelastic membrane/shell. An existence resultfor an effective, reduced model will be presented.The second example concerns a novel dimension reduction/multi‐scale approach tomodeling of endovascular stents as 3D meshes of 1D curved rods. The resultingmodel is in the form of a nonlinear hyperbolic network, for which no generalexistence results are available. The modeling background and the challenges relatedto the analysis of the solutions will be presented. An application to the study of themechanical properties of the currently available coronary stents on the US marketwill be shown.This talk will be accessible to a wide scientific audience.Collaborators include: Josip Tambaca (University of Zagreb, Croatia), Ando Mikelic(University of Lyon 1, France), Dr. David Paniagua (Texas Heart Institute), and Dr.Stephen Little (Methodist Hospital in Houston).

In this talk we will discuss the vanishing viscosity limit of the Navier-Stokes equations to the isentropic Euler equations for one-dimensional compressible fluid flow. We will follow the approach of R.DiPerna (1983) and reduce the problem to the study of a measure-valued solution of the Euler equations, obtained as a limit of a sequence of the vanishing viscosity solutions. For a fixed pair (x,t), the (Young) measure representing the solution encodes the oscillations of the vanishing viscosity solutions near (x,t). The Tartar-Murat commutator relation with respect to two pairs of weak entropy-entropy flux kernels is used to show that the solution takes only Dirac mass values and thus it is a weak solution of the Euler equations in the usual sense. In DiPerna's paper and the follow-up papers by other authors this approach was implemented for the system of the Euler equations with the artificial viscosity. The extension of this technique to the system of the Navier-Stokes equations is complicated because of the lack of uniform (with respect to the vanishing viscosity), pointwise estimates for the solutions. We will discuss how to obtain the Tartar-Murat commutator relation and to work out the reduction argument using only the standard energy estimates. This is a joint work with Gui-Qiang Chen (Oxford University and Northwestern University).

We investigate a nonlocal reaction-diffusion-advection equation which models the growth of a single phytoplankton species in a water column where the species depends solely on light for its metabolism. We study the combined effect of death rate, sinking or buoyant coe±cient, water column depth and vertical turbulent diffusion rate on the persistence of a single phytoplankton species. This is based upon a joint work with Sze-Bi Hsu, National Tsing-Hua University.

Motivated by applications to vehicular traffic, supply chains and others, various continuous models for traffic flow on networks were recently proposed. We first present some results for theory of conservation laws on graphs. Then we focus on recent mixed models, involving continuous-discrete spaces and ode-pde systems. Then a time evolving measures approach is showed, with applications to crowd dynamics.