Georgia Institute of Technology College of Sciences

Unlike the integral case, given a prime number p, not all Z/p-homology 3-spheres can be constructed as a Heegaard splitting with a gluing map an element of mod p Torelli group, M[p]. Nevertheless, letting p vary we can get any rational homology 3-sphere. This motivated us to study invariants of rational homology 3-spheres that comes from M[p]. In this talk we present an algebraic tool to construct invariants of rational homology 3-spheres from a family of 2-cocycles on M[p]. Then we apply this tool to give all possible invariants that are induced by a lift to M[p] of a family of 2-cocycles on the abelianization of M[p], getting a family of invariants that we will describe precisely.
 

To treat the multiple time scales of ocean dynamics in an efficient manner, the baroclinic-barotropic splitting technique has been widely used for solving the primitive equations for ocean modeling. In this paper, we propose second and third-order multirate explicit time-stepping schemes for such split systems based on the strong stability-preserving Runge-Kutta (SSPRK) framework. Our method allows for a large time step to be used for advancing the three-dimensional (slow) baroclinic mode and a small time step for the two-dimensional (fast) barotropic mode, so that each of the two mode solves only need satisfy their respective CFL condition to maintain numerical stability. It is well known that the SSPRK method achieves high-order temporal accuracy by utilizing a convex combination of forward-Euler steps. At each time step of our method, the baroclinic velocity is first computed by using the SSPRK scheme to advance the baroclinic-barotropic system with the large time step, then the barotropic velocity is specially corrected by using the same SSPRK scheme with the small time step to advance the barotropic subsystem with a barotropic forcing interpolated based on values from the preceding baroclinic solves. Finally, the fluid thickness and the sea surface height perturbation is updated by coupling the predicted baroclinic and barotropic velocities. Two benchmark tests drawn from the ``MPAS-Ocean" platform are used to numerically demonstrate the accuracy and parallel performance of the proposed schemes.

The bluejeans link for the seminar is https://bluejeans.com/457724603/4379

Each point x in Gr(r, n) corresponds to an r × n matrix A_x which gives rise to a matroid M_x on its columns. Gel’fand, Goresky, MacPherson, and Serganova showed that the sets {y ∈ Gr(r, n)|M_y = M_x} form a stratification of Gr(r, n) with many beautiful properties. However, results of Mnëv and Sturmfels show that these strata can be quite complicated, and in particular may have arbitrary singularities. We study the ideals I_x of matroid varieties, the Zariski closures of these strata. We construct several classes of examples based on theorems from projective geometry and describe how the GrassmannCayley algebra may be used to derive non-trivial elements of I_x geometrically when the combinatorics of the matroid is sufficiently rich.

Let $K^{(r)}_{s_1,s_2,\cdots,s_r}$ be the complete $r$-partite $r$-uniform hypergraph and $ex(n, K^{(r)}_{s_1,s_2,\cdots,s_r})$ be the maximum number of edges in any $n$-vertex $K^{(r)}_{s_1,s_2,\cdots,s_r}$-free $r$-uniform hypergraph. It is well-known in the graph case that $ex(n,K_{s,t})=\Theta(n^{2-1/s})$ when $t$ is sufficiently larger than $s$. We generalize the above to hypergraphs by showing that if $s_r$ is sufficiently larger than $s_1,s_2,\cdots,s_{r-1}$ then $$ex(n, K^{(r)}_{s_1,s_2,\cdots,s_r})=\Theta\left(n^{r-\frac{1}{s_1s_2\cdots s_{r-1}}}\right).$$ This is joint work with Jie Ma and Mingwei Zhang.

The mapping class group of a surface is well understood for surfaces of finite type. In contrast, the study of mapping class groups of infinite type surfaces is a new field with many opportunities to establish new results. In this talk, we will introduce infinite type surfaces and their mapping class groups.

https://bluejeans.com/506659049/8073

I will revisit the relation between Anosov 3-flows and invariant volume forms, from a contact geometric point of view. Consequently, I will give a contact geometric characterization of when a flow with dominated splitting is Anosov based on its divergence, as well as a Reeb dynamical interpretation of when such flows are volume preserving. Moreover, I will discuss the implications of this study on the surgery theory of Anosov 3-flows. In particular, I will conclude that the Goodman-Fried surgery of Anosov flows can be reconstructed, using a bi-contact surgery of Salmoiraghi.

Donaldson’s Diagonalization Theorem has been used extensively over the past 15 years as an obstructive tool. For example, it has been used to obstruct: rational homology 3-spheres from bounding rational homology 4-balls; knots from being (smoothly) slice; and knots from bounding (smooth) Mobius bands in the 4-ball. In this multi-part series, we will see how this obstruction works, while getting into the weeds with concrete calculations that are usually swept under the rug during research talks.

In his works Carlitz defined and investigated a few generalizations of the Eulerian numbers and polynomials. For most of those generalizations he provided also a combinatorial interpretation. The classical Eulerian numbers and some of their generalizations are connected to combinatorial statistics on permutations. Carlitz intended to provide a combinatorial interpretation also to his degenerate Eulerian numbers. However since their introduction in 1979 these numbers had a pure analytic character. In this talk we consider a combinatorial model that generalizes the standard definition of permutations and show its relation to the degenerate Eulerian numbers.