Georgia Institute of Technology College of Sciences

The rational solutions to the equation describing an elliptic curve form a finitely generated abelian group, also known as the Mordell-Weil group. Detemining the rank of this group is one of the great unsolved problems in mathematics. The Shafarevich-Tate group of an elliptic curve is an important invariant whose conjectural finiteness can often be used to determine the generators of the Mordell-Weil group. In this talk, we first introduce the definition of the Shafarevich-Tate group. We then discuss the theory of visibility, initiated by Mazur, by means of which non-trivial elements of the Shafarevich-Tate group of an elliptic curve an be 'visualized' as rational points on an ambient curve. Finally, we explain how this theory can be used to give theoretical evidence for the celebrated Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer Conjecture.

The slice-ribbon conjecture states that a knot in $S^3=partial D^4$ is the boundary of an embedded disc in $D^4$ if and only if it bounds a disc in $S^3$ which has only ribbon singularities. In this seminar we will prove the conjecture for a family of Montesinos knots. The proof is based on Donaldson's diagonalization theorem for definite four manifolds.

Boros and Furedi (for d=2) and Barany (for arbitrary d) proved that there exists a constant c_d>0 such that for every set P of n points in R^d in general position, there exists a point of R^d contained in at least c_d n!/(d+1)!(n-d-1)! (d+1)-simplices with vertices at the points of P. Gromov [Geom. Funct. Anal. 20 (2010), 416-526] improved the lower bound on c_d by topological means. Using methods from extremal combinatorics, we improve one of the quantities appearing in Gromov's approach and thereby provide a new stronger lower bound on c_d for arbitrary d. In particular, we improve the lower bound on c_3 from 0.06332 due to Matousek and Wagner to more than 0.07509 (the known upper bound on c_3 is 0.09375). Joint work with Lukas Mach and Jean-Sebastien Sereni.