Georgia Institute of Technology College of Sciences

How well can a convex body be approximated by a polytope? This is a fundamental question in convex geometry, also in view of applications in many other areas of mathematics and related fields. It often involves side conditions like a prescribed number of vertices, or, more generally, k-dimensional faces and a requirement that the body contains the polytope or vice versa. Accuracy of approximation is often measured in the symmetric difference metric, but other metrics can and have been considered. We will present several results about these issues, mostly related to approximation by “random polytopes”.

A wide variety of questions which range from social and economic sciences to physical and biological sciences lead to functions with values that are sets in finite or infinite dimensional spaces, or that are fuzzy sets. Set-valued and fuzzy-valued functions attract attention of a lot of researchers and allow them to look at numerous problems from a new point of view and provide them with new tools, ideas and results. In this talk we consider a generalized concept of such functions, that of functions with values in so-called L-space, that encompasses set-valued and fuzzy functions as special cases and allow to investigate them from the common point of view. We will discus several problems of Approximation Theory and Numerical Analysis for functions with values in L-spaces. In particular numerical methods of solution of Fredholm and Volterra integral equations for such functions will be presented.

The Allen-Cahn equation is a second order semilinear elliptic PDE that arises in mathematical models describing phase transitions between two constant states. The variational structure of this equation allows us to study energy-minimal phase transitions, which correspond to uniformly bounded non-constant globally minimal solutions. The set of such solutions depends heavily on the geometry of the underlying space. In this talk we shall focus on the case where the underlying space is a Cayley graph of a group with the word metric. More precisely, we assume that the group is hyperbolic and show that there exists a minimal solution with any “nice enough” asymptotic behaviour prescribed by the two constant states. The set in the Cayley graph where the phase transition for such a solution takes place corresponds to a solution of an asymptotic Plateau problem.